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1.
Av. diabetol ; 25(5): 399-407, sept.-oct. 2009. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-73374

RESUMO

Introducción: A pesar de que ezetimiba fue introducida en España hace más de 5 años, existen todavía diferencias de criterio sobre el papel actual de este fármaco en el manejo de la dislipemia en atención primaria. Objetivos: Promover un consenso sobre el uso clínico de ezetimiba entre profesionales de atención primaria. Material y métodos: El estudio fue dividido en cuatro fases: 1) creación de un comité científico multidisciplinar (atención primaria, endocrinología y medicina interna) para revisión bibliográfica y formulación de un uestionario de 46 ítems sobre dislipemia y ezetimiba; 2) selección del panel de 91 médicos de atención primaria expertos en este campo; 3) encuesta Delphi en dos rondas, enviada por correo electrónico, y 4) sesión presencial final de discusión de resultados. Resultados: Participaron 87 profesionales que, en la primera ronda, lograron consensuar 34 de las 46 cuestiones analizadas. Tras la interacción del panel, el consenso aumentó hasta 42 ítems. En las 4 cuestiones restantes el consenso fue insuficiente, debido a las opiniones dispares o a la ausencia de criterio en la mayoría de los encuestados. Conclusiones: En este consenso, se presenta una amplia lista de criterios profesionales y/o recomendaciones para el uso de ezetimiba en atención primaria, que resumen la opinión profesional vigente entre los expertos de esta especialidad (AU)


Background: Since ezetimibe was first marketed in Spain more than 5 years ago, differences in criteria continue to exist about the current role played by ezetimibe in treating dyslipaemia in the primary care in Spain. Objectives: To develop consensus regarding the clinical use of ezetimibe in treating dyslipaemia in primary care. Methods: The study was divided into four stages: 1) constitution of a multidisciplinary scientific committee (primary care, endocrinology, internal medicine) for bibliographic review and formulation of a 46-items survey about dyslipaemia and ezetimibe; 2) constitution of a panel of 84 primary care professionals with expertise in this field; 3) Delphi survey in two rounds, sent by mail; and 4) a final discussion of the results in a face-to-face meeting. Results: Eighty-seven experts participated and, during the first round, reached a consensus in 34 out of 46 analysed questions. Following interaction by the panel, the consensus increased until 42 items. In the remaining 4 questions, insufficient consensus was obtained, due to opinion disparities existing among the professionals or to the absence of an established criterion for most of the experts. Conclusions: In this consensus, a long list of professional criteria and/or recommendations is included for the use of ezetimibe in primary care, summarising prevailing professional opinion of primary care experts (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Dislipidemias/tratamento farmacológico , Hipolipemiantes/uso terapêutico , Pesquisas sobre Atenção à Saúde/métodos , Atenção Primária à Saúde/métodos , Inquéritos e Questionários , /uso terapêutico , Lipase/antagonistas & inibidores
2.
Rev Clin Esp ; 209(8): 371-81, 2009 Sep.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19775585

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Despite the high prevalence of Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS) reported, little information is available about this disorder in Spain. The present study was conducted to obtain information on this condition from patients identified by a simple screening questionnaire and subsequent diagnostic confirmation by the Primary Care Practitioner (PCP). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Three-stage, cross-sectional and retrospective (resource utilization), observational study in a sample of adult patients (2,047 subject) attending 10 outpatient Primary Care centers in Madrid, Barcelona and Valencia. A screening questionnaire containing the 4 RLS diagnostic criteria was used. Clinical assessment and RLS diagnosis confirmation was performed using a structured questionnaire. Other variables assessed were quality of life by SF-36 questionnaire scoring; sleep by the MOS sleep scale; symptom severity of RLS symptoms by the IRLS scales; health care resource utilization in the previous 12 months by completion of questionnaire following patient chart review. The diagnosis made by the PCP was confirmed in a small sample of patients by a neurologist expert in Movement Disorders. RESULTS: A total of 19.7% (404 out of 2,047) subjects positively answered the 4 diagnostic questions of the RLS screening questionnaire. Of these, 185 (9.0%) reported moderate to severe symptoms at least twice weekly. The PCP made a diagnosis of RLS in 79 of 154 patients completing the diagnostic interview. Thus, prevalence of RLS estimated in this adult population was 4.6%. The predictive value of the screening RLS questionnaire was 51.3%. Average age of symptom onset was 42 years (range: 20 - over 80 years). RLS symptoms were moderately (50.6%) or extremely (38%) distressing and 73.4% of RLS patients slept poorly at least two nights a week. This diagnosis represents 9.4% of all patients presenting to PCP and experiencing poor sleep. Mean score in the IRLS scale (0 - 40) was 19.4. Average score of SF-36 questionnaire (0-100) was 54.6, lower than the Spanish general reference population (61.4). About one third of the RLS patients had seen a physician because of RLS symptoms. However, a diagnosis was made in only 48% of these and only 5% the diagnosis was RLS. CONCLUSIONS: The DECODE RLS - Spain study shows that many patients with classical RLS symptoms frequently see their PCP without being adequately diagnosed and treated. Screening tools such as that used in this study may contribute to the detection of these patients.


Assuntos
Síndrome das Pernas Inquietas/complicações , Síndrome das Pernas Inquietas/diagnóstico , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Estudos Transversais , Atenção à Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Qualidade de Vida , Estudos Retrospectivos , Inquéritos e Questionários , Adulto Jovem
3.
Rev. clín. esp. (Ed. impr.) ; 209(8): 371-381, sept. 2009. ilus, tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-73080

RESUMO

Introducción: Pese a la elevada prevalencia del síndrome de piernas inquietas (SPI), se cuenta con escasa información sobre este trastorno en nuestro país. El objetivo de este estudio fue obtener información sobre este problema de salud a partir de pacientes identificados mediante un cuestionario de cribado y posterior confirmación diagnóstica por médicos de Atención Primaria (AP). Material y métodos: Estudio en tres etapas, transversal y retrospectivo (utilización de recursos), en una muestra de pacientes adultos (2.047 sujetos) que acudió a consultas ambulatorias de 10 centros de Atención Primaria (Madrid, Barcelona y Valencia). Se utilizó un cuestionario de detección con los 4 criterios diagnósticos de SPI. Se realizó la evaluación clínica y confirmación diagnóstica mediante un cuestionario estandarizado. Otras variables evaluadas fueron: calidad de vida, mediante la puntuación del Cuestionario SF-36 de salud; sueño, mediante la puntuación de la escala de sueño MOS; intensidad de los síntomas de SPI, mediante la puntuación de la escala IRLS; utilización de recursos sanitarios en los 12 meses previos. Confirmación del diagnóstico del médico de AP, por un neurólogo especialista en trastornos del movimiento en una muestra reducida aleatoria de pacientes. Resultados: Un 19,7% (404 de 2.047) de los sujetos respondió positivamente a las 4 preguntas diagnósticas del cuestionario de detección del SPI. De ellos, 185 sujetos (9,0%) presentaban síntomas por lo menos dos veces a la semana, de intensidad moderada a grave. El médico de AP confirmó el diagnóstico de SPI en 79 de los 154 pacientes que completaron la entrevista diagnóstica. La prevalencia en esta población adulta fue del 4,6%. El valor predictivo del cuestionario de detección del SPI fue de un 51,3%. La edad media de inicio de síntomas fue de 42 años (rango: 20-más de 80 años). Los síntomas de SPI fueron moderados en el 50,6% y graves en el 38%. El 73,4% de los pacientes con SPI dormía mal, al menos dos noches por semana. La puntuación media de la escala IRLS (0-40) fue de 19,4. La puntuación media del cuestionario SF-36 (0-100) fue de 54,6, más baja que la de la población española de referencia (61,4). Aproximadamente un tercio de los pacientes había consultado antes con un médico por los síntomas de SPI. No obstante, sólo un 48% contaba con un diagnóstico y sólo en un 5% éste era de SPI. Conclusiones: El estudio DECODE RSL indica que muchos pacientes con síntomas clásicos de SPI visitan frecuentemente a su médico de AP sin ser diagnosticados ni, por lo tanto, recibir un tratamiento adecuado. Herramientas como la utilizada en este estudio pueden ayudar a la detección de estos pacientes (AU)


Introduction: Despite the high prevalence of Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS) reported, little information is available about this disorder in Spain. The present study was conducted to obtain information on this condition from patients identified by a simple screening questionnaire and subsequent diagnostic confirmation by the Primary Care Practitioner (PCP). Materials and methods: Three-stage, cross-sectional and retrospective (resource utilization), observational study in a sample of adult patients (2,047 subject) attending 10 outpatient Primary Care centers in Madrid, Barcelona and Valencia. A screening questionnaire containing the 4 RLS diagnostic criteria was used. Clinical assessment and RLS diagnosis confirmation was performed using a structured questionnaire. Other variables assessed were quality of life by SF-36 questionnaire scoring; sleep by the MOS sleep scale; symptom severity of RLS symptoms by the IRLS scales; health care resource utilization in the previous 12 months by completion of questionnaire following patient chart review. The diagnosis made by the PCP was confirmed in a small sample of patients by a neurologist expert in Movement Disorders. Results: A total of 19.7% (404 out of 2,047) subjects positively answered the 4 diagnostic questions of the RLS screening questionnaire. Of these, 185 (9.0%) reported moderate to severe symptoms at least twice weekly. The PCP made a diagnosis of RLS in 79 of 154 patients completing the diagnostic interview. Thus, prevalence of RLS estimated in this adult population was 4.6%. The predictive value of the screening RLS questionnaire was 51.3%. Average age of symptom onset was 42 years (range: 20 - over 80 years). RLS symptoms were moderately (50.6%) or extremely (38%) distressing and 73.4% of RLS patients slept poorly at least two nights a week. This diagnosis represents 9.4% of all patients presenting to PCP and experiencing poor sleep. Mean score in the IRLS scale (0 - 40) was 19.4. Average score of SF-36 questionnaire (0-100) was 54.6, lower than the Spanish general reference population (61.4). About one third of the RLS patients had seen a physician because of RLS symptoms. However, a diagnosis was made in only 48% of these and only 5% the diagnosis was RLS. Conclusions: The DECODE RLS - Spain study shows that many patients with classical RLS symptoms frequently see their PCP without being adequately diagnosed and treated. Screening tools such as that used in this study may contribute to the detection of these patients (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Síndrome das Pernas Inquietas/diagnóstico , Síndrome das Pernas Inquietas/epidemiologia , Recursos em Saúde , Inquéritos e Questionários , Síndrome das Pernas Inquietas/complicações , Estudos Transversais , Estudos Retrospectivos , Atenção Primária à Saúde
7.
Cienc. ginecol ; 9(5): 285-293, sept.-oct. 2005. ilus
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-040947

RESUMO

La mujer posmenopáusica en España se ve amenazada en el sentido cardiovascular con los mismos factores de riesgo que afectan a la población masculina de la misma edad. Su mortalidad cardiovascular es menor que el varón, pero no por ello debemos descuidar la atención a la mujer que presente estos factores de riesgo o ya haya manifestado síntomas de enfermedad cardiovascular. La Terapia Hormonal Sustitutiva no tiene, en la actualidd ningún papel en la prevención primaria o secundaria de la patología cardiovascular de la mujer posmenopáusica. La mujer diabética es un grupo de alto riesgo cardiovascular dentro de las mujeres posmenopáusicas. La terapia intensiva (antihipertensiva, hipolipemiantes) será de gran utilidad en prevención primaria. En aquellas pacientes que hayan desarrollado la enfermedad coronaria o cerebrovascular, las terapias indicadas tienen el mismo grado de rentabilidad que en los varones, por lo que no se deberán hacer diferencias de abordaje terapéutico


In Spain, menopausal woman is threatened by the some cardiovascular risk factors that affect to male population with the same age. Their cardiovascular mortality is minor that those male, but we must no neglect woman with cardiovascular risk factors. Replacement hormonal therapy has not any role on primary or secondary cardiovascular prevention in postmenopausal women. But diabetic woman is a group with high cardiovascular risk, and intensive therapy will be considered as great utility in primary prevention. In female patients with coronary or cerebrovascular developed disease these therapies have the same rentability that in male patients, so we will must no make differences about therapeutic guidelines


Assuntos
Feminino , Adulto , Humanos , Menopausa/fisiologia , Terapia de Reposição Hormonal , Terapia de Reposição Hormonal , Doenças Cardiovasculares/complicações , Doenças Cardiovasculares/epidemiologia , Doenças Cardiovasculares/patologia , Estrogênios/administração & dosagem , Estrogênios , Diabetes Mellitus/complicações , Diabetes Mellitus/metabolismo , Doenças Cardiovasculares/etiologia , Doenças Cardiovasculares/metabolismo , Cuidados Críticos/normas , Cuidados Críticos , Estrogênios , Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiologia , Diabetes Mellitus/etiologia , Mortalidade
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